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: 2026
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: 120
: .. - // . - 2026. - . 120. - .118-145.
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(.): block control principle, unmatched disturbances, state and disturbance observers, dynamic differentiator, saturator
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(.): The paper examines the principles of constructing tracking systems for one class of nonlinear objects with the same number of inputs and outputs, operating under conditions of external uncontrolled disturbances and incomplete measurements. The main idea of the proposed approach is the transition to a canonical input-output form in a coordinate basis of mixed variables, which serves as a unified foundation for the synthesis of a combined control and observer for mixed variables and generalized disturbances. Mixed variables are functions of state variables, external influences, and their derivatives and are subject to comprehensive evaluation. This approach simplifies the controller structure and reduces the dynamic order of the closed-loop system compared to standard solutions that use external influence generators and identifiers of uncertain parameters. The advantages of block-based tracking system synthesis compared to the classical approach to modal control synthesis within the output feedback linearization method are presented. The main results of this work are the design principle and synthesis method for an observer-differentiator of mixed variables and generalized disturbances, constructed using a block-level input-output form with linear local constraints. The use of piecewise linear corrective actions with saturation allows for the reconstruction of generalized disturbances without constructing a dynamic model. Unlike a similar observer with a standard structure, whose setup requires the development of cumbersome expressions for estimating the dynamics of estimation errors, the proposed observer-differentiator has a simple setup with independent selection of the gain factors for the corrective actions in each block.
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