Control Mechanisms for Ecological-Economic Systems


:  
( ):  Springer
:  2015
:  
:  Burkov V., Novikov D., Shchepkin A. Control Mechanisms for Ecological-Economic Systems. Berlin: Springer, 2015. 174 p.
:  

: 6086, : 0


The Wisdom of the Body


:  
( ):  Norton
:  1932
:  
:  Cannon W. The Wisdom of the Body. New York: Norton, 1932. 312 p.
:  How the human body reacts to disturbance and danger and maintains the stability essential to life.


: 2607, : 0


Soft System Methodology: A Thirty Years Retrospective


:  
:  2000
:  
:  Systems Research and Behavioral Science
:  17
:  Checkland P. Soft System Methodology: A Thirty Years Retrospective // Systems Research and Behavioral Science. 2000. Vol. 17. P. 11 58.
:  

: 2375, : 0


Systems Thinking, Systems Practice


:  
( ):  John Wiley & Sons Ltd
:  1981
:  
:  Checkland P. Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 1981. 331 p.
:  Develops an explicit account of the "systems outlook" and shows how to use that outlook in the solution of practical problems. Describes how the theory and applications were modified through experience and includes reflections on the interaction between theory and practice.


: 3007, : 0


The Information Content and Error Rate of Living Things


:  
( ):  University of Illinois Press
:  1953
:  
:  Dancoff S., Quastler H. The Information Content and Error Rate of Living Things / Essays on the Use of Information Theory in Biology. Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 1953. P. 263 274.
:  

: 2558, : 0


Systems Analysis and Design


:  
( ):  Wiley
:  2012
:  
:  Dennis A., Wixom B., Roth R. Systems Analysis and Design. 5th ed. New York: Wiley, 2012. 594 p.
:  


: ()
: 2533, : 600


The Cybernetics of Cybernetics


:  
( ):  Spartan Books
:  1968
:  
:  Mead M. The Cybernetics of Cybernetics / Purposive Systems. Ed. by Foerster, H.von et al. New York: Spartan Books, 1968. P. 1 11.
:  

: 2495, : 0


Understanding Understanding: Essays on Cybernetics and Cognition


:  
( ):  Springer-Verlag
:  2003
:  
:  Foerster H. Understanding Understanding: Essays on Cybernetics and Cognition, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2003. 362 p.
:  In these essays Heinz von Foerster discusses some of the fundamental principles that govern how we know the world and how we process the information from which we derive that knowledge. Included are path-breaking articles concerning the principles of computation in neural nets (1967), the definition of self-organizing systems (1960), the nature of cognition (1970), as well as recent expansions on these themes (e.g. "How recursive is communication," 1993).
Working with Norbert Wiener, Warren McCullough, and others in the 1960s and 1970s, von Foerster was one of the founders of the science of cybernetics, which has had profound effects both on modern systems theory and on the philosophy of cognition. At the Biological Computer Laboratory at the University of Illinois he produced the first parallel computers and contributed to many other developments in the theory of computation and cognition.



: ()
: 2446, : 572


Philosophical Foundations of Cybernetics


:  
( ):  Abacus Press
:  1979
:  
:  George F.H. Philosophical Foundations of Cybernetics. Kent: Abacus Press, 1979. 157 p
:  


: ()
: 2394, : 195


From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A History of Soviet Cybernetics


:  
( ):  MIT Press
:  2002
:  
:  Gerovich S. From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A History of Soviet Cybernetics. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002. 383 p.
:  In this book, Slava Gerovitch argues that Soviet cybernetics was not just an intellectual trend but a social movement for radical reform in science and society as a whole. Followers of cybernetics viewed computer simulation as a universal method of problem solving and the language of cybernetics as a language of objectivity and truth. With this new objectivity, they challenged the existing order of things in economics and politics as well as in science.
The history of Soviet cybernetics followed a curious arc. In the 1950s it was labeled a reactionary pseudoscience and a weapon of imperialist ideology. With the arrival of Khrushchev's political "thaw," however, it was seen as an innocent victim of political oppression, and it evolved into a movement for radical reform of the Stalinist system of science. In the early 1960s it was hailed as "science in the service of communism," but by the end of the decade it had turned into a shallow fashionable trend. Using extensive new archival materials, Gerovitch argues that these fluctuating attitudes reflected profound changes in scientific language and research methodology across disciplines, in power relations within the scientific community, and in the political role of scientists and engineers in Soviet society. His detailed analysis of scientific discourse shows how the Newspeak of the late Stalinist period and the Cyberspeak that challenged it eventually blended into "CyberNewspeak."


: 2485, : 0


The Past, Present and Future of Cybernetics and Systems Research


:  
:  2013
:  
:  Systems. Connecting Matter, Life, Culture and Technology
() :  3
:  1
:  Gershenson C., Csermely P., Erdi P., Knyazeva H., Laszlo A. The Past, Present and Future of Cybernetics and Systems Research // Systems. Connecting Matter, Life, Culture and Technology. 2013. Vol. 1 No 3. P. 4 13.
:  Cybernetics and Systems Research (CSR) were developed in the mid-twentieth century, offering the possibility of describing and comparing different phenomena using the same language. The concepts, which originated in CSR have spread to practically all disciplines, many now used within the scientific study of complex systems. CSR has the potential to contribute to the solution of relevant problems, but the path towards this goal is not straightforward. This paper summarizes the ideas presented by the authors during a round table in 2012 on the past, present and future of CSR.



: (pdf)
: 2399, : 429


Quantum Cybernetics and Complex Quantum Systems Science A Quantum Connectionist Exploration


:  
:  2015
:  
:  Neuroquantology
() :  1
:  13
:  Goncalves C. Quantum Cybernetics and Complex Quantum Systems Science A Quantum Connectionist Exploration // Neuroqantology. 2015. Vol. 13. No 1.
:  Quantum cybernetics and its connections to complex quantum systems science is addressed from the perspective of quantum artificial neural networks as complex quantum computing systems. In this way, the notion of an autonomous quantum computing system is introduced in regards to quantum artificial intelligence, and applied to quantum artificial neural networks, considered as autonomous quantum computing systems, which leads to a quantum connectionist framework within quantum cybernetics for complex quantum computing systems. Several examples of quantum feedforward neural networks are addressed in regards to Boolean functions' computation, multilayer quantum computation dynamics, entanglement and quantum complementarity. The examples provide a framework for a reflection on the role of quantum artificial neural networks as a general framework for addressing complex quantum systems that perform network-based quantum computation, possible consequences are drawn regarding quantum technologies, as well as fundamental research in complex quantum systems science and quantum biology.



: (php/journal/article/view/804)
: 2440, : 529


Quantum Cybernetics. Toward a Unification of Relativity and Quantum Theory via Circularly Causal Modeling


:  
( ):  Springer
:  2000
:  
:  Grossing G. Quantum Cybernetics. Toward a Unification of Relativity and Quantum Theory via Circularly Causal Modeling. New York: Springer, 2000. 153 p.
:  


: ()
: 2387, : 408


Analysis Methods for the Terminological Structure of a Subject Area


:  
:  2014
:  
:  Automation and Remote Control
() :  12
:  75
:  Gubanov D., Makarenko A., Novikov D. Analysis Methods for the Terminological Structure of a Subject Area // Automation and Remote Control. 2014. Vol. 75. No. 12. P. 2231 2247.
:   . , , . .


: ()
: 2427, : 628


Advanced Synergetics: Instability Hierarchies of Self-Organizing Systems and Devices


:  
( ):  Springer-Verlag
:  1993
:  
:  Haken H. Advanced Synergetics: Instability Hierarchies of Self-Organizing Systems and Devices. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993. 356 p.
:  This text on the interdisciplinary field of synergetics will be of interest to students and scientists in physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, electrical, civil and mechanical engineering, and other fields.


: ()
: 2534, : 565


Principles of Systems and Cybernetics: an Evolutionary Perspective


:  
( ):  World Science
:  1992
:  
:  Cybernetics and Systems
:  Principles of Systems and Cybernetics: an Evolutionary Perspective / Cybernetics and Systems'92. Singapore: World Science, 1992. P. 3 10.
:  A set of fundamental principles for the cybernetics domain is sketched, based on the spontaneous emergence of systems through variation and selection. The (mostly self-evident) principles are: selective retention, autocatalytic growth, asymmetric transitions, blind variation, recursive systems construction, selective variety, requisite knowledge and incomplete knowledge. Existing systems principles, such as self-organization, the whole is more than the sum of its parts, and order from noise can be reduced to implications of these more primitive laws. Others, such as the law of requisite variety, the 2nd law of thermodynamics, and the law of maximum entropy production are clarified, or restricted in their scope.



: (pdf)
: 2377, : 755


Cybernetics and Second-Order Cybernetics


:  
( ):  Academic Press
:  2001
:  
:  Encyclopedia of Physical Science & Technology
:  Heylighen F., Joslyn C. Cybernetics and Second-Order Cybernetics / Encyclopedia of Physical Science & Technology. 3rd ed. New York: Academic Press, 2001. P. 155 170.
:  Cybernetics is the science that studies the abstract principles of organization in complex systems. It is concerned not so much with what systems consist of, but how they function. Cybernetics focuses on how systems use information, models, and control actions to steer towards and maintain their goals, while counteracting various disturbances. Being inherently transdisciplinary, cybernetic reasoning can be applied to understand, model and design systems of any kind: physical, technological, biological, ecological, psychological, social, or any combination of those. Second-order cybernetics in particular studies the role of the (human) observer in the construction of models of systems and other observers.



: (pdf)
: 2535, : 495


Introduction to Operations Research


:  
( ):  McGraw-Hill
:  2005
:  
:  Hillier F. and Lieberman G. Introduction to Operations Research (8 th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005. 1061 p.
:  For over four decades, Introduction to Operations Research by Frederick Hillier and the late Gerald Lieberman has been the classic text on operations research. While building on the classic strengths of the text, the author continues to find new ways to make the text current and relevant to students. One way is by incorporating a wealth of state-of-the-art, user-friendly software and more coverage of business applications than ever before. The hallmark features of this edition include clear and comprehensive coverage of fundamentals, an extensive set of interesting problems and cases, and state-of-the-practice operations research software used in conjunction with examples from the text.


: ()
: 2525, : 528


Putting Systems to Work


:  
( ):  Wiley
:  1993
:  
:  Hitchins D. Putting Systems to Work. New York: Wiley, 1993. 342 p.
:  

: 2422, : 0


INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook


:  
( ):  INCOSE
:  2012
:  
:  INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook Version 3.2.2 A Guide For Life Cycle Processes and Activities / Ed. by C. Haskins. San Diego: INCOSE, 2012. 376 p.
:  Systems engineering (SE) is essential to the success of many human endeavors. As systems increase in scale and complexity, SE is increasingly recognized worldwide for its importance in their development, deployment, operation, and evolution.

The purpose of the Guide to the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge (SEBoK) is to provide a widely accepted, community-based, and regularly updated baseline of SE knowledge. This baseline will strengthen the mutual understanding across the many disciplines involved in developing and operating systems. Shortfalls in such mutual understanding are a major source of system failures, which have increasingly severe impacts as systems become more global, interactive, and critical.




: ()
: 2416, : 24221


Introduction to Grey System Theory


:  
:  1989
:  
:  The Journal of Grey System
:  1
:  Julong D. Introduction to Grey System Theory // The Journal of Grey System. 1989. Vol. 1. P. 1 24.
:  Grey System theory was initiated in 1982. As far as information is concerned, the systems which lack information, such as structure message, operation mechanism and behavior document, are referred to as Grey systems. For example, the human body, agriculture, economy, etc., are Grey Systems.


: (pdf)
: 2851, : 35089


Introduction to Fuzzy Arithmetic


:  
( ):  Van Nostrand Reinhold Company
:  1991
:  
:  Kaufman A. Introduction to Fuzzy Arithmetic. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1991. 384 p.
:  Here's how to use fuzzy logic to overcome design challenges of designing and analyzing complex processes in order to make televisions, camcorders, washing machines, and other products run more efficiently.

: 4126, : 0


Theres Nothing Like the Real Thing. Revisiting the Need for a Third-Order Cybernetics


:  
:  2009
:  
:  Constructivist Foundations
() :  4(2)
:  Kenny V. Theres Nothing Like the Real Thing. Revisiting the Need for a Third-Order Cybernetics // Constructivist Foundations. 2009. No 4(2). P. 100 111.
:  Purpose: To argue for the need to generate a third-order cybernetics to deal with the problematics of second-order cybernetics. Problem: The recent exponential increase in the use of the internet and other "media" to influence and shape dominant cultural experiences via "virtual reality" exploits a core facility of human psychology - that of being able to accept "substitutions" for the "Real Thing." In this paper, I want to raise some basic questions and dilemmas for our living in the space of a third-order contextualisation that uses "virtuality" in an ever-increasing manner for the configuring and homogenisation of human experiences. In doing so, I also raise the question of the need for us to develop an adequate model of a "third-order cybernetics" for dealing with the ways in which human experience is contextualised and configured by phenomena that constitute the third-order system. Solution: Ernst von Glasersfeld's work makes it clear that psychologists and others enter into a great deal of confusion when they use terms like "self," "consciousness," "emotions," "memory," "the environment," and even "experience," because, as he points out, there is no convincing model for any of these commonly taken-for-granted phenomena of human living. His writings are taken as a unique source for the generation of an effective third-order cybernetics where the need for constant self-critical monitoring in regard to psychological praxis and third-order phenomena may take place. "Self-critical monitoring" means, in the first place, monitoring in a critical manner our tendencies to take for granted the notion of "self." One of the main problematics to deal with in second-order cybernetics is the way that "subjectivity" is taken for granted. Benefits: The temptation to collapse back down from a second-order cybernetics to first-order cybernetics will be resolved by creating an effective platform for third-order cybernetics that problematises the issue of "subjectivity" of the observer in the second-order cybernetics framework. This involves putting into question many of the common assumptions held about "who" it is that makes the observations at the second-order cybernetics. In other words, I attempt to highlight what is problematic regarding the observer's subjectivity and how this analysis of what is taken for granted by the second-order cybernetics framework creates the basis of a framework for a third-order cybernetics.


: ()
: 2497, : 711


Introduction to Sociocybernetics (Part 1)


:  
:  2011
:  
:  Journal of Sociocybernetics
() :  9
:  42
:  Mancilla R. Introduction to Sociocybernetics (Part 1): Third Order Cybernetics and a Basic Framework for Society // Journal of Sociocybernetics. 2011. Vol. 42. No 9. P. 35 56.
:  

: 2365, : 0


Introduction to Sociocybernetics (Part 3)


:  
:  2013
:  
:  Journal of Sociocybernetics
() :  11
:  44
:  Mancilla R. Introduction to Sociocybernetics (Part 3): Fourth Order Cybernetics // Journal of Sociocybernetics. 2013. Vol. 44. No 11. P. 47 73.
:  

: 2372, : 0


The Second Cybernetics: Deviation-Amplifying Mutual Causal Processes


:  
:  1963
:  
:  American Scientist
() :  2
:  5
:  Maruyama M. The Second Cybernetics: Deviation-Amplifying Mutual Causal Processes // American Scientist. 1963. Vol. 5. No 2. P. 164 179.
:  

: 2425, : 0


Autopoiesis and Cognition


:  
( ):  D. Reidel Publishing Company
:  1980
:  
:  Maturana H., Varela F. Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1980. 143 p.
:  

: 2378, : 0


The Tree of Knowledge


:  
( ):  Shambhala Publications
:  1987
:  
:  Maturana H., Varela F. The Tree of Knowledge. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1987. 231 p.
:  "Knowing how we know" is the subject of this book. Its authors present a new view of cognition that has important social and ethical implications, for, they assert, the only world we humans can have is the one we create together through the actions of our coexistence. Written for a general audience as well as for students, scholars, and scientists and abundantly illustrated with examples from biology, linguistics, and new social and cultural phenomena, this revised edition includes a new afterword by Dr. Varela, in which he discusses the effect the book has had in the years since its first publication.


: 2489, : 0


On Governors


:  
:  1868
:  
:  Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
:  16
:  Maxwell J.C. On Governors // Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 1868. Vol. 16. P. 270 283.
:  A GOVERNOR is a part of a machine by means of which the velocity of the machine is kept nearly uniform, notwithstanding variations in the driving-power or the resistance.


: 2406, : 0


Psycho-cybernetics


:  
:  1960
:  
:  Maxwell Maltz M.D. Psycho-cybernetics, 1960
:  

: 2251, : 0



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